1.1 工藝工法概況水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層是具有一定強(qiáng)度和剛度的路面結(jié)構(gòu)層，是公路路面結(jié)構(gòu)重要的組成部分，既保證鋪設(shè)路面有一定厚度，滿足承載負(fù)荷，又能減少建設(shè)成本。它可將路面承受的車輛荷載均衡的擴(kuò)散到路基，具有一定的韌性。水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層施工分為平地機(jī)鋪筑和攤鋪機(jī)鋪筑，為了保證路面結(jié)構(gòu)層的質(zhì)量，高等級(jí)公路采用攤鋪機(jī)鋪筑。

　　1.1 Overview of Technological Methods: Cement stabilized crushed stone base is a pavement structure layer with certain strength and stiffness, and is an important component of highway pavement structure. It not only ensures that the pavement has a certain thickness to meet the bearing load, but also reduces construction costs. It can evenly distribute the vehicle load borne by the road surface to the roadbed, and has a certain degree of toughness. The construction of cement stabilized crushed stone base is divided into flat machine paving and paver paving. In order to ensure the quality of the pavement structure layer, high-grade highways use paver paving.

　　1.2 工藝原理水泥穩(wěn)定碎石是以級(jí)配碎石為骨料，采用一定數(shù)量的水泥作為膠結(jié)材料，通過(guò)拌和、攤鋪、碾壓，利用碎石間的嵌擠鎖結(jié)形成具有一定強(qiáng)度的結(jié)構(gòu)層。

　　1.2 Process principle: Cement stabilized crushed stone is composed of graded crushed stone as aggregate and a certain amount of cement as bonding material. Through mixing, paving, and rolling, a structural layer with certain strength is formed by interlocking the crushed stones.

　　2 工藝工法特點(diǎn)2.1作為路基與路面的過(guò)渡層，既能保證路面結(jié)構(gòu)的厚度，又具有很好的剛度和強(qiáng)度。2.2 鋪筑水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層能很好的控制基層集料的均與性，避免了平地機(jī)鋪筑有可能造成的粗集料局部堆積，保證了基層的施工質(zhì)量。

　　2.1 As a transition layer between the roadbed and the pavement, it can ensure the thickness of the pavement structure while also having good rigidity and strength. 2.2 The laying of cement stabilized crushed stone base can effectively control the uniformity of the base aggregate, avoiding the possible local accumulation of coarse aggregate caused by the use of leveling machines, and ensuring the construction quality of the base.

　　2.3 鋪筑水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層能夠充分保證基層的平整度和施工速度。3 適用范圍適用于高等級(jí)公路路面水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層攤鋪機(jī)攤鋪法施工。

　　2.3 Laying cement stabilized crushed stone base can fully ensure the flatness and construction speed of the base. The scope of application is applicable to the construction of cement stabilized crushed stone base paving machine for high-grade highway pavement.

　　4 主要引用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《公路路面基層施工技術(shù)規(guī)范》JTJ 034；《公路工程質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》JTG F80；《公路土工試驗(yàn)規(guī)程》JTJ 051；《公路工程無(wú)機(jī)結(jié)合料穩(wěn)定材料試驗(yàn)規(guī)程》JTJ 057；《公路路基路面現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試規(guī)程》JTJ 059。5施工方法水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層是將水泥、碎石、水按照配合比試驗(yàn)確定的比例經(jīng)拌和，攤鋪、組合壓路機(jī)碾壓達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)壓實(shí)度，經(jīng)養(yǎng)護(hù)后構(gòu)成的路面基層。應(yīng)通過(guò)修筑試驗(yàn)路段，取得各種施工參數(shù)制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)施工方法后，進(jìn)行大面積推廣施工。

　　4. Main reference standards: "Technical Specification for Construction of Highway Pavement Base" JTJ 034; Quality Inspection and Evaluation Standards for Highway Engineering JTG F80; Code for Soil Testing of Highways JTJ 051; Test code for inorganic binder stabilized materials in highway engineering JTJ 057; Code for On site Testing of Highway Roadbeds and Pavements JTJ 059. The construction method of cement stabilized crushed stone base is to mix cement, crushed stone, and water according to the proportion determined by the mix proportion test, spread them, and combine them with a roller to achieve the design compaction degree. After curing, it forms the pavement base. After obtaining various construction parameters and establishing standard construction methods through the construction of test sections, large-scale promotion of construction should be carried out.

　　施工準(zhǔn)備（1）混合料拌和站的設(shè)置需要根據(jù)工程規(guī)模及地理位置綜合考慮場(chǎng)址、水、電、道路、材料供應(yīng)、環(huán)境保護(hù)等各項(xiàng)要求選擇布置。建設(shè)完經(jīng)過(guò)標(biāo)定后方可投入使用。（2）在水泥穩(wěn)定碎石層施工前應(yīng)做好下承層驗(yàn)收工作。下承層表面應(yīng)平整、堅(jiān)實(shí)、具有規(guī)定的路拱，沒(méi)有任何松散的材料和軟弱點(diǎn)。對(duì)于底基層，根據(jù)壓實(shí)度檢查（或碾壓檢驗(yàn)）和彎沉測(cè)定結(jié)果，凡不符合設(shè)計(jì)要求的路段，必須根據(jù)具體情況，分別采用補(bǔ)充碾壓、加厚底基層、換填好的材料、挖開(kāi)晾曬等措施，使達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。同時(shí)驗(yàn)收時(shí)應(yīng)逐一斷面檢查下承層標(biāo)高是否符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，下承層標(biāo)高的誤差應(yīng)符合規(guī)范要求。新完成的底基層或土基，必須按規(guī)范規(guī)定項(xiàng)目及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)收。

　　Construction preparation (1) The setting of the mixed material mixing station needs to be selected and arranged based on the project scale and geographical location, taking into account various requirements such as site, water, electricity, roads, material supply, and environmental protection. After construction and calibration, it can be put into use. (2) Before the construction of cement stabilized crushed stone layer, the acceptance work of the underlying layer should be done well. The surface of the lower layer should be flat, solid, and have the prescribed road arch, without any loose materials or soft spots. For the subgrade layer, according to the compaction degree inspection (or rolling test) and deflection measurement results, for any road section that does not meet the design requirements, measures such as supplementary rolling, thickening of the subgrade layer, replacement of filled materials, excavation and drying must be taken according to the specific situation to meet the standards. At the same time, during the acceptance inspection, each section should be checked to see if the elevation of the lower bearing layer meets the design requirements, and the error of the lower bearing layer elevation should comply with the specifications. The newly completed subgrade or soil foundation must be inspected and accepted according to the specified projects and standards.

　?。?）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)技術(shù)人員必須對(duì)拌合站、壓路機(jī)、攤鋪機(jī)、運(yùn)輸車輛、水車的操作人員進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)、技術(shù)安全交底，做到熟練掌握混合料的拌和、運(yùn)輸、攤鋪、碾壓、協(xié)調(diào)等各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的技術(shù)要求。

　　(3) On site technicians must provide training and technical safety briefing to operators of mixing stations, rollers, pavers, transport vehicles, and water trucks, in order to proficiently master the technical requirements for mixing, transportation, paving, rolling, coordination, and other aspects of the mixture.

　　（4）在下承層上準(zhǔn)確恢復(fù)中線。直線段每15—20m設(shè)一樁，曲線段每10—15m設(shè)一樁，測(cè)釬在兩側(cè)路面邊緣外30—50cm處采用鋼釬設(shè)置掛上鋼線(攤鋪基準(zhǔn)線)，測(cè)釬位置正確，支座牢固，測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確、采用懸線法根據(jù)攤鋪厚度及松鋪系數(shù)每10m測(cè)量出鋼線標(biāo)高，鋼釬應(yīng)牢固順直以利于傳感器正常行走，鋼絲線的張力必須達(dá)800～1000N。6.2.2路肩培土按要求培肩，路肩壓實(shí)厚度應(yīng)與攤鋪層壓實(shí)厚度相同，每隔30m左右兩側(cè)交錯(cuò)開(kāi)挖寬度為20-30cm的臨時(shí)泄水溝，確保路基排水通暢。

　　(4) Accurately restore the centerline on the underlying layer. A pile is set every 15-20 meters for straight sections and every 10-15 meters for curved sections. Steel stakes are used to hang steel wires (paving reference lines) 30-50cm outside the edges of the road surface on both sides. The position of the stakes is correct, the support is firm, and the measurement is accurate. The suspended line method is used to measure the elevation of the steel wires every 10 meters based on the paving thickness and loose paving coefficient. The steel stakes should be firm and straight to facilitate the normal movement of sensors, and the tension of the steel wires must reach 800-1000N. 6.2.2 Shoulder soil should be leveled according to requirements, and the compacted thickness of the shoulder should be the same as the compacted thickness of the paving layer. Temporary drainage ditches with a width of 20-30cm should be excavated alternately on both sides every 30 meters to ensure smooth drainage of the roadbed.

　?。?）培路肩(包括中央分隔帶)：采用含水量適宜的粘土培肩；掛出路肩邊緣高度線，掛線高度應(yīng)為基層厚度乘以土方松方系數(shù)，一般較設(shè)計(jì)的路肩(內(nèi)側(cè))寬度寬出20—30cm，人工攤鋪整平，培肩后用推土機(jī)穩(wěn)壓兩遍，用振動(dòng)式壓路機(jī)壓實(shí)，平地機(jī)刮平表面。培肩時(shí)應(yīng)掛出培肩的外緣線和內(nèi)側(cè)邊緣線，并用水準(zhǔn)儀準(zhǔn)確放出路肩松方厚度。

　　(1) Shoulder training (including median strip): Use clay shoulder training with suitable moisture content; Hang the height line of the shoulder edge, which should be the thickness of the base layer multiplied by the soil loosening coefficient. Generally, it should be 20-30 cm wider than the designed shoulder (inner side) width. It should be manually spread and leveled, and after shoulder training, a bulldozer should be used to stabilize the pressure twice. A vibratory roller should be used for compaction, and a grader should be used to scrape the surface flat. When performing shoulder training, the outer and inner edge lines of the shoulder should be hung, and the loose thickness of the shoulder should be accurately measured with a level.

　?。?）培肩質(zhì)量要求：外邊緣和內(nèi)邊緣順直且相互平行，表面平整，順適，縱向不能有起伏凹凸處，寬度、厚度滿足要求。

　　(2) Quality requirements for shoulder training: The outer and inner edges should be straight and parallel to each other, the surface should be flat and smooth, there should be no undulations or bumps in the longitudinal direction, and the width and thickness should meet the requirements.

　　（3）切槽：切槽前，先由履帶式拖拉機(jī)或裝載機(jī)初步穩(wěn)壓，再由振動(dòng)式壓路機(jī)碾壓密實(shí)，然后用平路機(jī)刮平表面，測(cè)量人員根據(jù)中線重新恢復(fù)路肩的邊緣線，掛線后人工切槽，切口豎直、切面平整順直、無(wú)波浪，不得有缺棱掉角的現(xiàn)象。切槽土保證清理干凈，沒(méi)有浮土，并將所有切除土運(yùn)走。

　　(3) Cutting groove: Before cutting groove, the crawler tractor or loader is first used to stabilize the pressure, and then the vibratory roller is used to compact it. Then, the surface is scraped flat with a leveling machine, and the measuring personnel restore the edge line of the shoulder according to the centerline. After hanging the line, the groove is manually cut, and the cut is vertical, the cut surface is flat and straight, without waves, and there should be no missing edges or corners. Ensure that the cut soil is clean and free of floating soil, and transport all the cut soil away.

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